Designation of Haitian Gangs as Terrorists: CARDH Focuses on Concrete Actions

As the terror imposed by armed gangs continues to tear Haiti apart, the designation of these groups as terrorists on May 2, 2025, could mark a radical shift in the national and international response to this crisis. CARDH offers an in-depth analysis of this measure, its foundations, implications, and limitations.

On May 6, 2025, the Center for Analysis and Research in Human Rights (CARDH) published a strategic study on the designation of armed gangs as terrorists in Haiti. This proposal, long discussed but never materialized, takes on a new dimension in a context where gang violence is reaching unprecedented levels. CARDH argues that such a designation, while a legal measure, must be framed by a rigorous overall policy to be truly effective.

*A Necessity in the Face of Escalating Violence*

Since 2018, the rise of armed gangs, their structuring into coalitions like G9 and G-Pep, and their grip on the capital and certain regions of the country have plunged Haiti into a situation of daily terror. More than 90% of Port-au-Prince is under the control or influence of these groups. Their actions far exceed ordinary offenses: massacres, kidnappings, collective rapes, destruction of entire communities – acts that CARDH equates to crimes against humanity, or even terrorism.

*Legal Basis for the Designation*

The human rights organization recalls that international law, particularly the Inter-American Convention Against Terrorism and United Nations Security Council resolutions, allows for the designation of non-state groups as terrorists. In domestic law, a basis exists through the decree-law of December 26, 2001, which provides a legal definition of terrorism. Based on these foundations, the Haitian state can legally proceed with this designation.

*A Tool, But Not a Panacea*

However, CARDH insists: designating gangs as terrorists is a useful measure, but insufficient on its own. It must be part of a broader strategy, including:

– judicial and penitentiary system reform,

– dismantling of financing and arms supply networks,

– strengthening police capabilities,

– and above all, the political will to address collusion between gangs and influential sectors.

*Political and Diplomatic Stakes*

This designation would have significant national and international implications. Locally, it would increase judicial pressure on perpetrators and accomplices of violence. Internationally, it could lead to targeted sanctions, asset freezes, and increased cooperation with foreign security agencies. However, such a measure could also provoke diplomatic reluctance if perceived as a political maneuver.

*Perspectives and Recommendations*